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...
Of all the cores removed from the Greenland Ice Sheet, the one
containing the most ancient ice is the Camp Century core.... The
deepest, and hence oldest, layer.... once lay 4,600 feet below the
surface of the ice sheet and was probably laid down some 125,000
years ago, before the advent of the Ice Age.... analysis of the
O-18 content of the bottom 1,000 feet of the core yielded details
of the climatic history of Greenland and, by inference, of the
earth from the end of the last interglacial to the end of the
subsequent Ice Age, some 10,000 years ago. The temperature trends
signaled by the O-18 levels parallel the changes indicated by
sea-floor cores from the Indian Ocean and the North Atlantic.

Here is more recent information on ice cores from _National
Geographic_.[[4]217]

In 1970 Soviet scientists began drilling at Vostok Station, high on
the inland ice cap in East Antarctica.... since 1980 the Vostok ice
drillers have bored through more than 2,080 meters of the 3,700
meters (12,140 feet) of the ice under the station.

"The Vostok core is the first to cover, completely and
unambiguously, the entire last 150,000 years of earths ice-age
cycle," French glaciologist Claude Lorius reported in 1985, after
-     working with Soviet scientists on the ice core. "It clearly goes
back through earths previous interglacial warm period, called the
Eem or Sangamon, and well into the ice age before that.

"That previous interglacial was similar but markedly warmer than
our present warm spell, the Holocene,".... "The beginning of the
previous warming was as sharp and extensive as was the opening of
the Holocene, between about 10,000 and 8,000 years ago."

The Vostok core, somewhat surprisingly to Professor Lorius, does
not hold evidence of more volcanic activity on earth during the
past glacial age and previous interglacial than in modern times.
But the volcanic dust seen there, as in cores taken from the
Greenland ice cap, has given a precise and dramatic record of many
great volcanic events of the distant past.

In 1980-1981 Danish, Swiss, and American scientists penetrated more
than a mile deep at a point named Dye 3 in southern Greenland. From
winter-summer variations in the preserved frozen core, the drillers
can read year-by-year weather for the past 11,000 years.

The massive eruptions of the volcanoes Laki in Iceland in 1783 and
Tambora in the East Indies in 1815 are clearly identifiable near
the top of the Dye 3 core. The latter produced the notorious "Year
Without a Summer" in New England in 1816, when crops froze and snow
fell in July and August.

Sequences of heavy summer melting from A.D. 950 to roughly 1200
confirm the worlds warmth during the time that Vikings settled and
thrived in Greenland, before the cold of the Little Ice Age froze
them out. (From about 1200 until the mid-1800s, world climate was
colder than at any time since the last deglaciation.)

Even deeper in the core, volcanic acids show that an eruption must
have darkened skies over Rome the year Julius Caesar was killed in
44 B.C. A blast in 1390 B.C. may have been one of several that
spelled the end of the volcanic isle of Thera in the Aegean.

On back through time, the Dye 3 core gives absolute dates to
unwritten events:

4401 B.C. Explosion of Mount Mazama in Oregon created Crater Lake.

7911 to 7090 B.C. Seven different great eruptions occurred somewhere
on earth.
From 25,000 down to 10,000 years ago, high amounts of wind-blown
continental dust marked the last glacial maximum in the Northern
Hemisphere, before the start of global warming in the Holocene.